312-50 Exam - Ethical Hacking and Countermeasures (CEHv6)

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Q1. You want to carry out session hijacking on a remote server. The server and the client are communicating via TCP after a successful TCP three way handshake. The server has just received packet #120 from the client. The client has a receive window of 200 and the server has a receive window of 250. 

Within what range of sequence numbers should a packet, sent by the client fall in order to be accepted by the server? 

A. 200-250 

B. 121-371 

C. 120-321 

D. 121-231 

E. 120-370 

Answer:

Explanation: Package number 120 have already been received by the server and the window is 250 packets, so any package number from 121 (next in sequence) to 371 (121+250). 

Q2. What type of Virus is shown here? 

A. Macro Virus 

B. Cavity Virus 

C. Boot Sector Virus 

D. Metamorphic Virus 

E. Sparse Infector Virus 

Answer: B

Q3. What is the proper response for a FIN scan if the port is open? 

A. SYN 

B. ACK 

C. FIN 

D. PSH 

E. RST 

F. No response 

Answer:

Explanation: Open ports respond to a FIN scan by ignoring the packet in question. 

Q4. Which of the following is a patch management utility that scans one or more computers on your network and alerts you if you important Microsoft Security patches are missing. It then provides links that enable those missing patches to be downloaded and installed. 

A. MBSA 

B. BSSA 

C. ASNB 

D. PMUS 

Answer: A

Explanation: The Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer (MBSA) is a tool put out by Microsoft to help analyze security problems in Microsoft Windows. It does this by scanning the system for security problems in Windows, Windows components such as the IIS web server application, Microsoft SQL Server, and Microsoft Office. One example of an issue might be that permissions for one of the directories in the wwwroot folder of IIS could be set at too low a level, allowing unwanted modification of files from outsiders. 

Q5. SNMP is a protocol used to query hosts, servers, and devices about performance or health status data. This protocol has long been used by hackers to gather great amount of information about remote hosts. 

Which of the following features makes this possible? (Choose two) 

A. It used TCP as the underlying protocol. 

B. It uses community string that is transmitted in clear text. 

C. It is susceptible to sniffing. 

D. It is used by all network devices on the market. 

Answer: BC

Explanation: Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is a protocol which can be used by administrators to remotely manage a computer or network device. There are typically 2 modes of remote SNMP monitoring. These modes are roughly 'READ' and 'WRITE' (or PUBLIC and PRIVATE). If an attacker is able to guess a PUBLIC community string, they would be able to read SNMP data (depending on which MIBs are installed) from the remote device. This information might include system time, IP addresses, interfaces, processes running, etc. Version 1 of SNMP has been criticized for its poor security. Authentication of clients is performed only by a "community string", in effect a type of password, which is transmitted in cleartext. 

Q6. Joseph has just been hired on to a contractor company of the Department of Defense as their Senior Security Analyst. Joseph has been instructed on the company's strict security policies that have been implemented, and the policies that have yet to be put in place. Per the Department of Defense, all DoD users and the users of their contractors must use two-factor authentication to access their networks. Joseph has been delegated the task of researching and implementing the best two-factor authentication method for his company. Joseph's supervisor has told him that they would like to use some type of hardware device in tandem with a security or identifying pin number. Joseph's company has already researched using smart cards and all the resources needed to implement them, but found the smart cards to not be cost effective. What type of device should Joseph use for two-factor authentication? 

A. Biometric device 

B. OTP 

C. Proximity cards 

D. Security token 

Answer: D

Q7. Jess the hacker runs L0phtCrack’s built-in sniffer utility which grabs SMB password hashes and stores them for offline cracking. Once cracked, these passwords can provide easy access to whatever network resources the user account has access to. 

But Jess is not picking up hashed from the network. 

Why? 

A. The network protocol is configured to use SMB Signing. 

B. The physical network wire is on fibre optic cable. 

C. The network protocol is configured to use IPSEC. 

D. L0phtCrack SMB filtering only works through Switches and not Hubs. 

Answer: A

Explanation: To protect against SMB session hijacking, NT supports a cryptographic integrity mechanism, SMB Signing, to prevent active network taps from interjecting themselves into an already established session. 

Q8. Daryl is a network administrator working for Dayton Technologies. Since Daryl’s background is in web application development, many of the programs and applications his company uses are web-based. Daryl sets up a simple forms-based logon screen for all the applications he creates so they are secure. 

The problem Daryl is having is that his users are forgetting their passwords quite often and sometimes he does not have the time to get into his applications and change the passwords for them. Daryl wants a tool or program that can monitor web-based passwords and notify him when a password has been changed so he can use that tool whenever a user calls him and he can give them their password right then. 

What tool would work best for Daryl’s needs? 

A. Password sniffer 

B. L0phtcrack 

C. John the Ripper 

D. WinHttrack 

Answer:

Explanation: L0phtCrack is a password auditing and recovery application (now called LC5), originally produced by Mudge from L0pht Heavy Industries. It is used to test password strength and sometimes to recover lost Microsoft Windows passwords. John the Ripper is one of the most popular password testing/breaking programs as it combines a number of password crackers into one package, autodetects password hash types, and includes a customisable cracker. It can be run against various encrypted password formats including several crypt password hash types WinHttrack is a offline browser. A password sniffer would give Daryl the passwords when they are changed as it is a web based authentication over a simple form but still it would be more correct to give the users new passwords instead of keeping a copy of the passwords in clear text. 

Q9. You have initiated an active operating system fingerprinting attempt with nmap against a target system: 

[root@ceh NG]# /usr/local/bin/nmap -sT -O 10.0.0.1 

Starting nmap 3.28 ( www.insecure.org/nmap/) at 2003-06-18 19:14 IDT Interesting ports on 10.0.0.1: (The 1628 ports scanned but not shown below are in state: closed) Port State Service 21/tcp filtered ftp 22/tcp filtered ssh 25/tcp open smtp 80/tcp open http 135/tcp open loc-srv 139/tcp open netbios-ssn 389/tcp open LDAP 443/tcp open https 465/tcp open smtps 1029/tcp open ms-lsa 1433/tcp open ms-sql-s 2301/tcp open compaqdiag 5555/tcp open freeciv 

5800/tcp open vnc-http 

5900/tcp open vnc 

6000/tcp filtered X11 

Remote operating system guess: Windows XP, Windows 2000, NT4 or 95/98/98SE Nmap run completed -- 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 3.334 seconds 

Using its fingerprinting tests nmap is unable to distinguish between different groups of Microsoft based operating systems - Windows XP, Windows 2000, NT4 or 95/98/98SE. 

What operating system is the target host running based on the open ports shown above? 

A. Windows XP 

B. Windows 98 SE 

C. Windows NT4 Server 

D. Windows 2000 Server 

Answer:

Explanation: The system is reachable as an active directory domain controller (port 389, LDAP) 

Q10. Jim was having no luck performing a penetration test on his company’s network. He was running the test from home and had downloaded every security scanner he could lay his hands on. Despite knowing the IP range of all of the systems and the exact network configuration, Jim was unable to get any useful results. Why is Jim having these problems? 

A. Security scanners can’t perform vulnerability linkage 

B. Security Scanners are not designed to do testing through a firewall 

C. Security Scanners are only as smart as their database and can’t find unpublished vulnerabilities 

D. All of the above 

Answer: D

Explanation: Security scanners are designed to find vulnerabilities but not to use them, also they will only find well known vulnerabilities that and no zero day exploits. Therefore you can’t use a security scanner for penetration testing but need a more powerful program.